Global expertise meets local partnerships, the three-day show introduces a complete feed to food platform for India’s fastest-growing agribusiness sector


VIV Select India 2026 takes place from 22–24 April 2026 at Yashobhoomi Convention and Expo Centre, New Delhi, introducing the globally established VIV Worldwide platform to the Indian market for the first time. The three day business to business exhibition brings together international and domestic suppliers, industry leaders, and decision makers at a pivotal moment for India’s rapidly expanding animal protein sector.

Organised by VNU Exhibitions Europe, the international division of Royal Dutch Jaarbeurs, in strategic partnership with the Poultry Federation of India (PFI), VIV Select India has been developed as a long term platform to support technology transfer, business growth, and international collaboration within India’s livestock and animal protein industries.

Exhibitors and Technologies on Display
VIV Select India 2026 features over 130 exhibitors, representing a strong mix of Indian and international companies. Participation spans Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, underscoring India’s growing importance as a destination for innovation, investment, and long term collaboration in animal protein production.

The event is supported by a broad coalition of national and regional industry associations, reinforcing its role as a unifying platform for poultry, dairy, and allied livestock sectors.
The exhibition floor presents a comprehensive cross section of technologies and services designed to enhance productivity, efficiency, sustainability, and product quality across animal protein production. Visitors can expect solutions ranging from automation and precision systems to animal health, biosecurity, processing, and digital tools.

International and Indian companies such as Big Dutchman, JBT Marel India, Viscon Hatchery Automation, De Heus Animal Nutrition India, FAMSUN, Venky’s India, and Himalaya Wellness Company are among those confirmed—alongside many other technology providers serving integrators, producers, processors, and service companies.

VIV Square: Knowledge Exchange at the Core
VIV Square opens with a formal inaugural ceremony marked by the presence of senior industry leaders and government representatives, including Mr. Jeroen van Hooff, President & CEO of Royal Dutch Jaarbeurs and VNU Group, Mr. Ranpal Dhanda, President of the Poultry Federation of India, and Prof. S.P. Singh Baghel, Honorable Minister of State for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying. The opening is further distinguished by participation from key public and diplomatic stakeholders such as Ms. Varsha Joshi, Additional Secretary, Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Government of India, H.E. Ms. Marisa Gerards, Ambassador of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and Shri Mahipal Dhanda, Education Minister of Haryana.

Across the three days, the programme includes expert-led sessions addressing critical developments in poultry production, dairy advancement, and animal health. Industry leaders from companies including Viscon Hatchery Automation, De Heus Animal Nutrition, JBT Marel, Venkateshwara Hatcheries (Ventri Biologicals), MSD Animal Health, HIPRA, CEVA, Holm & Laue, Binsar Farms, and Verka Dairy are all to share insights on topics such as automation and AI in production systems, nutrition strategies, processing performance, international dairy collaboration, and advances in vaccines and biologicals.

Patrick van Rooij, Project Manager – VIV Select India shares, “The poultry and livestock sectors are entering a phase where scale must be matched by efficiency, resilience, and smarter use of technology. VIV Select India has been developed to support that shift—by connecting the value chain, facilitating knowledge exchange, and giving professionals direct access to solutions that work in real production environments. This platform is as much about dialogue and learning as it is about business. Our goal is to create conversations that lead to stronger partnerships, better decisions, and long term value for the industry as a whole.”

Registration and Visitor Information
VIV Select India 2026 is open exclusively to trade professionals active across the animal protein and livestock value chain, including producers, integrators, processors, veterinarians, feed manufacturers, technology providers, consultants, policymakers, and industry media.

Visitor admission is free of charge and includes access to the full exhibition floor as well as all sessions at VIV Square, the show’s integrated knowledge programme. Advance online registration is recommended to ensure smooth entry and timely access to event updates and programme scheduling. The show is open during the event dates from 10:00 to 18:00.

Visitors can register online at india.viv.net/registration.

Balancing Air Quality in Poultry Houses: Tackling Ammonia and Humidity for Health and Productivity

Dr. Pawar Rutik Namdev1 (MVSc Scholar), Dr. Shipra Tiwari1 (MVSc Scholar),
Dr. Mahendra Kumar Patel1 (Ph.D Scholar)
1College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU Mathura (281001), India

Abstract
The environment within poultry houses plays a decisive role in the overall health, performance, and welfare of birds. Among various factors, the concentration of ammonia (NH₃) and the level of relative humidity (RH) are the most critical. Ammonia, released from the microbial breakdown of waste, and excessive humidity, which influences litter moisture, often work together to create poor air quality. This review highlights how these two factors are produced, their combined impact on broilers and layers, and outlines practical approaches for monitoring and management to maintain profitability and bird well-being.

1. Introduction
For poultry farmers, achieving optimal productivity requires not just good feed and genetics, but also maintaining a favorable environment inside the house. Air quality, ventilation, and litter condition all directly affect flock health. Ammonia gas and humidity levels are particularly important, as they can significantly influence bird growth, egg production, immune strength, and overall welfare. Excessive ammonia harms the respiratory tract, reduces feed intake, and lowers growth efficiency, while uncontrolled humidity leads to wet litter, higher ammonia emissions, and disease outbreaks. To ensure healthy flocks, ammonia should ideally be kept below 20–25 ppm and RH within 50–70%.

2. How Ammonia and Humidity Build Up
2.1 Generation of Ammonia
Ammonia is created naturally when uric acid in droppings is decomposed by bacteria. The process is intensified under warm, moist, and alkaline conditions. The type of litter material, stocking density, feed composition (especially protein levels), and frequency of manure removal all influence ammonia levels. Houses with poor cleaning routines or high moisture accumulation often experience higher NH₃ concentrations.

2.2 Role of Humidity
Humidity directly controls litter moisture content. High RH slows the evaporation of water from bedding, resulting in wet litter that promotes microbial activity and ammonia release. Conversely, very low RH increases dust particles in the air, which irritates the birds’ airways. Thus, moisture management is closely tied to controlling ammonia levels.

3. Impacts on Bird Health and Physiology
3.1 Respiratory Effects
Ammonia acts as a strong irritant to the respiratory tract. Continuous exposure damages the trachea and air sacs, reducing the ability of cilia to filter pathogens. Birds exposed to more than 20–25 ppm are more prone to respiratory diseases such as Newcastle, bronchitis, and Mycoplasma infections. Vaccination responses also tend to decline.

3.2 Eye and Skin Irritation
Chronic exposure to ammonia causes conjunctivitis, watery eyes, and corneal damage. High RH contributes to wet litter that leads to footpad dermatitis, hock burns, and breast blisters—all of which compromise welfare and reduce carcass quality at processing.

3.3 Growth and Feed Efficiency
High levels of ammonia reduce appetite, slow weight gain, and impair feed conversion. Even a small increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly raises production costs, especially in large flocks. Performance losses become severe when ammonia concentrations exceed 50 ppm for prolonged periods.

3.4 Immunity
Birds raised in poor air quality often show weaker immune responses. Prolonged exposure to ammonia not only stresses birds but also reduces antibody production after vaccination, leaving them vulnerable to disease outbreaks.

3.5 Egg Production
In layer flocks, poor litter conditions and elevated ammonia cause stress, leading to reduced laying rates, smaller egg size, and poor shell quality. Mortality may also rise due to an increased risk of secondary infections.

4. The Combined Impact of Ammonia and Humidity
Although ammonia and humidity can each harm poultry, their combination is especially damaging. High RH makes litter wetter, which in turn boosts ammonia emissions. Humid air also traps ammonia at bird level, ensuring birds inhale more of it. Together, these conditions encourage respiratory infections, coccidiosis outbreaks, poor weight gain, higher mortality, and overall production losses.

5. Monitoring Levels
5.1 Threshold Values
Ammonia: Should remain below 20–25 ppm (ideally closer to 10 ppm). Birds show signs of irritation even at levels humans may not detect by smell.

Relative Humidity: Best maintained between 50–70%. RH above 75% promotes wet litter, while RH below 40% leads to dust and dehydration.

5.2 Measurement Tools
Ammonia: Can be monitored using portable gas detectors, color tubes, or continuous electronic sensors.
Humidity: Inexpensive hygrometers placed at bird height provide reliable readings and are often integrated into automatic ventilation systems.

6. Strategies for Control
6.1 Ventilation
Proper ventilation ensures air exchange, dilutes gases, and removes excess moisture.

In cold weather: minimum ventilation prevents humidity build-up without chilling the birds. fans and circulation systems increase air movement and reduce heat stress.

6.2 Litter Management
Maintaining dry litter is essential. Turning litter, replacing wet spots, using absorbent bedding materials, and preventing drinker leaks are key practices. Chemical litter amendments such as alum or sodium bisulfate can reduce pH, minimizing ammonia release.

6.3 Nutrition
Adjusting feed formulations to match amino acid requirements reduces nitrogen excretion. Enzyme supplements and probiotics may also improve digestion and reduce ammonia in manure.

6.4 Housing Design
Well-insulated poultry houses with good drainage and properly installed nipple drinkers minimize litter moisture. Preventing condensation on walls and ceilings also helps keep humidity under control.

6.5 Advanced Methods
Technologies like air scrubbers, biofilters, or controlled ozone applications are being tested for large commercial units. Automated environmental control systems that integrate NH₃ and RH sensors with fans and heaters are becoming increasingly popular.

7. Economic Importance
Poor air quality silently eats into farm profits. Lower feed efficiency, reduced weight gain, carcass downgrades, increased mortality, and higher veterinary costs all add up to significant economic losses. Studies show that ammonia-related performance drops can cost large poultry complexes thousands of dollars weekly. Investing in better litter management, ventilation, and nutritional adjustments often proves cost-effective in the long run.

8. Evidence and Case Studies
Field surveys often reveal ammonia exceeding safe levels during winter when ventilation is minimized, leading to higher respiratory issues and welfare concerns. Controlled trials consistently show that birds exposed to even moderate ammonia (20–30 ppm) suffer from lower growth rates, poorer immune response, and more lesions compared to those raised under optimal conditions. Interventions such as litter acidifiers, improved diet formulations, and enhanced ventilation schedules have been shown to significantly reduce ammonia emissions and improve performance.

9. Recommendations for Farmers
– Check RH daily: maintain between 50–70%.
– Monitor ammonia regularly: aim for <20 ppm.
– Fix water leaks immediately to avoid wet litter.
– Adjust ventilation by season to balance temperature, RH, and air quality.
– Work with a nutritionist to optimize protein levels in diets.
– Use litter amendments wisely to reduce ammonia emissions.

10. Future Outlook
The integration of smart sensors and artificial intelligence into poultry housing systems may soon allow farmers to predict ammonia build-up and adjust ventilation automatically. Further research is needed to quantify the long-term welfare and production benefits of advanced technologies and to make them affordable for small- and medium-scale farmers.

11. Conclusion
Ammonia and humidity are closely linked environmental challenges in poultry houses. Both negatively affect bird health, welfare, and productivity when not controlled. Together, they magnify each other’s harmful effects, resulting in economic losses and compromised flock performance. Regular monitoring, proactive litter and ventilation management, balanced nutrition, and modern environmental control tools are essential for maintaining a healthy environment. Addressing these issues not only supports profitability but also improves animal welfare, ensuring sustainable poultry production.

In today’s poultry industry, two factors play a decisive role in ensuring profitable, sustainable, and disease-free production:

Water Treatment and Biosecurity.
Together, they safeguard flock health, enhance performance, and reduce dependence on antibiotics.

1. Water Treatment in Poultry
Water is often called the “forgotten nutrient,” yet it is the most critical element in poultry production. Birds consume twice as much water as feed, and any compromise in water quality directly impacts growth, egg production, and immunity.

Key Challenges in Water Quality
– Microbial contamination: Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella spread through untreated water.
– Biofilm formation: Organic residues in pipelines harbor pathogens.
– Chemical impurities: High TDS, hardness, iron, or nitrates affect digestion and performance.
– pH imbalance: Acidic or alkaline water reduces feed intake. Water Treatment Practices
– Filtration to remove physical impurities.
– Acidification to maintain pH (5.5–6.5) and inhibit bacterial growth.
– Chlorination / Hydrogen Peroxide / Ozone for disinfection.
– Regular waterline flushing to prevent biofilm buildup.
– Monitoring TDS, hardness, and microbial load routinely.

2. Biosecurity in Poultry
Biosecurity means preventing disease entry and spread on the farm. With rising concerns about Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and the push toward antibiotic-free production, biosecurity has become more important than ever.

Three Levels of Biosecurity
1. Conceptual Biosecurity – Farm location, distance from other poultry units, controlled entry points.
2. Structural Biosecurity – Physical barriers, fencing, bird-proof sheds, water sanitation system.
3. Operational Biosecurity – Day-to-day practices like disinfection, vaccination, and visitor control.

Practical Biosecurity Measures
– Restrict farm access (only authorized persons allowed).
– Provide footbaths, hand sanitizers, and farm clothing.
– Disinfect vehicles, crates, and equipment before entry.
– Implement rodent and wild bird control programs.
– Maintain strict mortality disposal methods (incineration/composting).
– Regular vaccination and health monitoring.
– Keep detailed farm records for traceability.

3. Water Treatment + Biosecurity = Sustainable Poultry
While water treatment ensures internal health and performance, biosecurity provides external protection from infections. Both are complementary and essential.
– Clean water reduces gut-related diseases like colibacillosis and diarrhoea.
– Biosecurity reduces the risk of respiratory and viral infections.
– Together, they help in antibiotic-free poultry production, improve FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio), enhance bird welfare, and boost farmer profitability.

Water Quality Monitoring & Water-Borne Diseases in Poultry

Diagram shows that, the source of water we need to check, Ph, TDS, COLOUR, BACTERIA & VIRAL LOAD. This water will go to overhead tank & from there it will distribute to different Poultry shed tanks & through pipe & nipple it will available for birds, here we need to monitor the quality of water.

Importance of Water Sanitation in Poultry Production
In modern poultry production, the use of feed additives such as water and feed acidifiers, toxin binders, probiotics, and antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) is a common recommendation by poultry nutritionists. Farmers are also increasingly incorporating low-cost protein sources like Rice DDGS, Maize DDGS, and Meat Meal (sometimes adulterated with leather powder) to reduce feed costs.

However, ignoring water sanitation remains one of the most critical mistakes in poultry farming. Even with balanced feed formulation and additives, if the water provided to the birds is contaminated, it results in:
• Loose droppings due to microbial contamination.
• Poor nutrient absorption – birds fail to utilize protein, energy, minerals, and vitamins in the diet.
• Increased incidence of diseases such as E. coli infections and Salpingitis.
• Weakened immunity and consequently poor production performance.

In contrast, a farm with proper water sanitation shows remarkable differences. For example, in one of my ideally managed farms, the birds consistently showed dry droppings (“DRY BEAT”), a clear indicator of good gut health and proper nutrient absorption. This success was achieved through:
• Regular water sanitation practices (disinfection, acidification, and monitoring).
• Ensuring feed hygiene along with the use of safe, food-grade raw materials.
• Strict biosecurity and management protocols.

Safe Water Treatment – A Farmer’s Responsibility

Many farmers currently use different chemicals such as chlorine gas, bleaching powder, and sodium hypochlorite for water treatment. They are not safe for poultry or humans. These compounds often leave harmful residues, alter water taste, reduce consumption, and may even add toxic by-products into the water. According to WHO guidelines, only food and pharmaceutical grade salt should be used for drinking water treatment — both for humans and poultry. The safest and globally recommended option is NaDCC (Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate), which ensures:
• Broad spectrum disinfection with very effective bacterial control
• Safe for poultry & human consumption
• No significant change in taste or odour
• Eco-friendly & easy handling
• Stable and longer shelf life compared to other chlorine sources

Using sub-standard chemicals not only compromises poultry performance (loose droppings, poor nutrient absorption, higher
disease load, chlorine toxicity) but also risks human food safety through residues in meat and eggs.
Key Impact: Farmers must understand that safe water treatment is not about the cheapest chemical, but about using WHO- recommended, food & pharma grade NaDCC for long-term health, productivity, and profitability.

Note: Why NaDCC (Food & Pharma Grade) is Always Better.

Among all the available chlorine-base compounds for water sanitation, Food & Pharma grade Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) is the safest and most effective choice.

• WHO Recommended – Approved for safe drinking water treatment globally.
• Broad Spectrum Effectiveness – Provides strong and stable disinfection (48 hours’ stability).
• Safe for Birds & Humans – No harmful residues, no significant change in taste or odor.
• Eco-Friendly – No toxic by-products or sludge formation.
• Long Shelf Life – Up to 3 years, with easy effervescent tablet formulation.
• Ease of Use – Simple handling, no heavy cylinders or high manpower required.
• Therefore, NaDCC (Food & Pharma Grade) is always better than chlorine gas, bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite, or halozone for ensuring Zero-Bacteria Water in poultry Farms.

Conclusion
In poultry management, prevention is always better than cure. Poultry farming success is not just about what we feed the birds, but also about the quality of water they drink every single day. Feed can be fortified, sheds can be modernized, but without clean water and strict sanitation, the full genetic potential of the flock can never be realized. Water is the simplest yet most powerful tool to secure healthy birds, higher productivity, and long-term profitability. Water treatment and biosecurity are not costs but investments that return multiple benefits in productivity, profitability, and sustainability.

Dr Bhaskar Choudhary
Animal Nutritionist
Biochem Zusatzstoffe Handels- und Produktionsgesellschaft mbH

Abstract:
In the modern poultry industry, ensuring optimal health and productivity in layers, breeders, and broilers under various stress conditions is vital. Feed additives like choline chloride, synthetic betaine (anhydrous and HCl forms), and natural betaine are used to enhance performance. However, synthetic choline chloride and betaine often contain residues of ethylene oxide and trimethylamine (TMA), which pose significant risks to poultry health, including fatty liver syndrome, reproductive challenges, and respiratory hazards. The chemical synthesis of these additives highlights the adverse effects of residue contamination and explains why natural Betaine (anhydrous )(Hepatron/Beta Pro BL) is the superior choice.

1. Chemical Synthesis of Choline Chloride, Betaine, and Betaine Hcl
Choline Chloride Synthesis:
Choline chloride is produced by reacting ethylene oxide with trimethylamine, followed by neutralization with hydrochloric acid:
C2H4O + (CH3)3N + HCl —- (CH3)3N+CH2CH2OH.Cl-

Synthetic Betaine Anhydrous Synthesis:
Betaine is synthesized by methylating glycine with trimethylamine:
NH2CH2COOH + 3(CH3)3N—– (CH3)3N+CH2COO-

Betaine Hydrochloride Synthesis:
Betaine HCl is formed by reacting betaine with hydrochloric acid:
(CH3)3N+CH2COO- + HCl —– (CH3)3N+CH2COOH.Cl-

2. Risks Associated with Ethylene Oxide and Trimethylamine Residues
Ethylene Oxide (EO): permissible limit 0.2mg/g
Source: Ethylene oxide is used as a key reactant in choline chloride synthesis.

Risks and Effects:
Fatty Liver: Ethylene oxide residues exacerbate lipid accumulation in the liver, leading to fatty liver syndrome, impairing metabolism and egg production in layers.
Reproductive Challenges: In breeders, EO residues can induce oxidative damage to ovarian tissues, affecting fertility and hatchability.
Respiratory Hazards: Chronic exposure to ethylene oxide fumes or residues increases oxidative stress in respiratory tissues, leading to reduced lung function and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections.

Trimethylamine (TMA): permissible limit 10 mg/kg
Source: TMA is used as a methyl donor in the production of choline chloride and synthetic betaine.

Risks and Effects:
Fatty Liver: Excess TMA disrupts lipid metabolism by impairing the synthesis of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), leading to hepatic fat accumulation.
Reproductive Challenges: In breeders, TMA residues interfere with reproductive hormone balance, reducing fertility and chick quality.
Respiratory Hazards: Volatile TMA emissions irritate the respiratory tract, causing chronic respiratory distress in broilers and layers, especially in poorly ventilated environments.

3. Challenges of Synthetic Additives in Poultry Nutrition
Residue Toxicity: Synthetic choline chloride and betaine often leave traces of ethylene oxide and TMA, causing long-term health risks.
Liver Dysfunction: These residues impair liver detoxification and metabolic efficiency, leading to reduced productivity.
Limited Stress Resilience: Synthetic forms lack the bioactive properties of natural betaine, making them less effective in managing stress.

4. Natural Betaine (anhydrous) (Hepatron/Beta Pro BL): A Safer and More Effective Solution
Residue-Free and Safe: Hepatron/Beta Pro BL, derived from natural sources, is free of ethylene oxide and TMA residues, eliminating the associated risks of liver damage, reproductive issues, and respiratory stress.
Superior Liver Support:
– Enhances lipid metabolism, preventing fatty liver syndrome.
– Boosts detoxification pathways to handle feed-related toxins more effectively.
Enhanced Stress Management:
– Natural osmoregulatory properties stabilize cellular hydration under heat and osmotic stress.
– Promotes better feed conversion and growth performance.

5. Correlation Between Natural Betaine and Poultry Health
Fatty Liver Syndrome Prevention: Natural betaine spares choline and methionine in feed, reducing the metabolic burden on the liver and enhancing lipid transport efficiency.
Reproductive Health Support: Hepatron/BetaPro BL optimizes methylation pathways, improving ovarian function, egg production, and hatchability in breeders and layers.
Respiratory Protection: Unlike TMA-containing additives, Hepatron/Beta Pro BL improves cellular hydration and stress tolerance, protecting the respiratory tract from environmental and metabolic stress.

6. Stress in Poultry: A Multi-Faceted Challenge
Types of Stress in Poultry:
1. Environmental Stress: Heat & cold (Environment) stress in broilers & layer
2. Nutritional Stress: Imbalanced diets and mycotoxin contamination.
3. Physiological Stress: Vaccination, debeaking, and transportation.
4. Production Stress: Egg production in layers and rapid growth demands in broilers.

Role of Hepatron/Beta Pro BL in Feed application for Stress Mitigation:
Layers: Reduces egg drop during heat/Cold stress (Environment physiologica stress/ and improves shell quality.
Breeders: Enhances fertility and hatchability under environmental and nutritional stress.
Broilers: Improves growth performance and livability during transportation and heat stress.
Application of Hepatron/BetaPro BL in Drinking water: 6 hours improved water intake during treatment & outbreak condition it is advisable apart from stress mitigation what mentioned in Feed application for quick support as a clinical Nutrition

7. Why Natural Betaine (Hepatron/Beta Pro BL) is Superior

Conclusion
Residues of ethylene oxide and trimethylamine in synthetic choline chloride and betaine pose significant risks to poultry health, including fatty liver, reproductive challenges, and respiratory hazards. Natural (anhydrous )Betaine (Hepatron/Beta Pro BL) offers a safer, residue-free alternative with superior bioavailability and efficacy. By supporting liver function, improving reproductive outcomes, and protecting respiratory health, Hepatron/Beta Pro BL proves indispensable for sustainable and profitable poultry farming.
References are available on request.